If it is 410 sized (1/2" pitch, 1/8" wide inside) chain that was used on the garage door, it should fit MOST single speeds, except not those that might have been set up with 3/32" width chain, or some heavy duty bikes that might be using wider chain, or older bikes with skip tooth sprockets, or, ......? If it's 410 sized, it will also fit a lot of 2 speeds and 3 speeds and probably many, many more modern bikes with internal geared hubs and more ratios.
410 is definitely used on SOME garage door openers, but probably not all of them.
I'd be walking into the store with the sprocket off one of my Sturmey Archer or Bendix hubs, in my pocket, and maybe a sprocket from a derailleur stack as well, for reference, find out just what the stuff was:
Could also use a measuring tool:
